The Substrate Debate: Explained
What substrate should I use?
Which substrates are dangerous?
What is impaction?
These are the questions that are often asked by new Leopard Gecko owners. Substrates have long been a controversial topic within the reptile community and we understand how overwhelming this can be for those who are new to reptile care. Here at Leopard Gecko Life, we’ve made it our mission to answer your burning questions and separate the myths from the truth.
So, we've covered the most common substrate types, and broken down what makes these substrates dangerous or not. We hope that this has helped you to make an informed decision on which substrate to use for your Leopard Gecko.
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What is impaction?
Impaction is when a build-up of material causes a fatal blockage in the intestine of a reptile. If it is not treated immediately, it will cause your reptile to go into shock and die a painful death (making it something we definitely want to avoid!). It can be caused by ingested substrate or through other external factors.
Reptiles need heat to metabolize their food, and can become impacted if they are not provided with sufficient heat.
The symptoms of impaction are lethargy, a swollen abdomen and a darkened belly. In mild cases, it can be treated by placing the reptile into a warm water bath to promote bowel movements however medical intervention is usually required.
So, what substrate should I use?
Now that you know the risks of impaction, you’re probably wondering which substrates are unsafe for your gecko. We’ve covered the main substrates below so that you can find your perfect option based on your budget and personal preferences.
Calcium Sand – AVOID
The problem with calcium sand:
If you’ve ever been to a pet shop, you’ve probably come across bags of brightly-coloured calcium sand which claim to mimic a natural environment while supplementing your gecko’s calcium needs. However, behind this rainbow of promises lies a dark truth.
The calcium in calcium sand encourages reptiles to ingest it to regulate their calcium levels. This can lead to large amounts of sand to build up in the reptile’s digestive system, causing impaction
Non-Adhesive Shelf Liner – SAFE
This is our personal preference here at Leopard Gecko Life. Non-adhesive shelf liner provides a safe and sanitary substrate without any risk of impaction. It is available in many different colours and patterns so there is definitely an option for everyone. It is very important that you buy the non-adhesive variety. This is because the glue on self-adhesive shelf liner can emit toxic fumes when warmed up and can cause respiratory issues or even death.
Coco fibre – MOSTLY AVOID
Coco fibre is usually available in a compacted brick which expands when introduced to water. While this is a great option for species that require a high humidity such as crested geckos, it is not good for Leopard Geckos. Coco fibre retains quite a lot of moisture and can cause the humidity levels in your enclosure to spike. Leopard geckos require an arid environment with low humidity and anything above that can cause respiratory issues. HOWEVER, it is ideal for use in your Leopard Geckos moist hide to help aid the shedding and egg laying process.
Slate and tile – SAFE
This is a perfect option for your Leopard Gecko and it quite popular in the reptile community. Slate and tile can be easily cleaned with a wet cloth and provides a safe and smooth surface for your Leopard Gecko to bask in. However, you will need to make sure that the heat can transfer through the tile otherwise your gecko won’t be able to obtain any belly heat and could get very sick
